′<...","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2863625","content":"We give an explicit geometric structures interpretation of the -Hitchin component of a closed oriented surface S of genus . In particular, we prove is naturally homeomorphic to a moduli space of -structures for and on a fiber bundle over S via the descended holonomy map. Explicitly, is the direct sum of fiber bundles Image 1 with fiber , where UTS denotes the unit tangent bundle. The geometric structure associated to a -Hitchin representation ρ is explicitly constructed from the unique associated ρ-equivariant alternating almost-complex curve ; we critically use recent work of Collier-Toulisse on the moduli space of such curves. Our explicit geometric structures are examined in the -Fuchsian case and shown to be unrelated to the -structures of Guichard-Wienhard.","description":"We give an explicit geometric structures interpretation of the G2′-Hitchin component Hit(S,G2′)⊂χ(π1S,G2′) of a closed oriented surface S of genus g≥2. In particular, we prove Hit(S,G2′) is naturally homeomorphic to a moduli space M of (G,X)-structures for G=G2′ and X=Ein2,3 on a…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2863625","author":"Parker Evans","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-30T09:38:26.593Z","media":null,"categories":["primary","secondary","-structure","Hitchin component","Almost-complex curve","Surface group representation","(2,3,5)-distribution"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Sensitivity to CP-violating effective couplings in the top-Higgs sector","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2862143","content":"The processes that are responsible for the abundance of matter in the Universe remain elusive to cosmologists and particle physicists alike. Violation of charge-parity (CP) - the symmetry between matter and antimatter in response to physical interactions - is thought to be a necessary requirement for prevalence of matter. CP-violation in composite particle decays mediated by the charged weak force has been observed, however, in the Standard Model (SM) of high energy physics, such processes are too rare to account for cosmological measurements. It remains an outstanding challenge of the high energy physics community to identify and constrain sources of CP-violation, in the SM and beyond. Since the discovery of the Higgs boson by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN, the search for new physics is ongoing at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The associated production of the heaviest known particles can now be studied, giving direct access to fundamental couplings which are indispensable to the continued scrutiny of SM predictions. One sector is the associated production of top quarks with a Higgs boson, where the top quark polarisation and spin correlations between top quark matter-antimatter pairs can be used to probe the CP structure of the top quark coupling to the scalar field (the strongest amongst all particles in the SM). This work compares SM predictions for single top and top pair associated production with a Higgs boson at the LHC against those of the SM Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). This alternative framework expands upon the efficacy of the SM at low energies via a basis of higher dimension operators that parameterise effective interactions between SM fields. A reduced basis of dimension-six SMEFT operators for the top-Higgs sector is defined, which introduce effective electroweak and strong couplings between bosons and with third-generation quarks. Focus is placed on operators which parameterise CP-odd or CP-violating interactions. Proton-proton collision events are generated, at âs = 13 TeV and leading order in the perturbative QCD expansion, to compute differential cross-section predictions, using kinematic and angular observables which are sensitive to top polarisation and $t\\\\bar{t}$ spin correlations and/or are manifestly CP-odd. SMEFT predictions for a set of these observables are injected into a $\\\\chi^2$-fit to SM simulation, to obtain indicative limits on operators in the reduced basis. This fit uses $th$ and $t\\\\bar{t}h$ signal strength measurements from the LHC as guidelines. The ability to identify and establish marginalised bounds on sources of anomalous CP in top Higgs production is demonstrated in this way, using physically motivated kinematic observables. These studies are contextualised by efforts towards a global SMEFT interpretation of CP-violation at the LHC, and aim to provide recommendations for analysis on effective operators relevant to top Higgs associated production alongside observables that can be used to constrain them.Date of Award6 Jan 2025Original languageEnglishAwarding InstitutionThe University of ManchesterSupervisorEleni Vryonidou (Supervisor) & Yvonne Peters (Supervisor)","description":"The processes that are responsible for the abundance of matter in the Universe remain elusive to cosmologists and particle physicists alike. Violation of charge-parity (CP) - the symmetry between matter and antimatter in response to physical interactions - is thought to be a…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2862143","author":"Joshua Winter (Manchester U.)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-23T14:54:45.822Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Performance of a HL-LHC Nb-Sn Quadrupole Magnet in the 100–200 MPa Range of Azimuthal Stress","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2861192","content":"With the assembly and test results of four Nb$_\\\\text{3}$Sn short-model quadrupoles (MQXFS) for the High Luminosity Upgrade of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), an optimum pre-load level was established for the construction of the full-length, series magnets. Successive MQXFS magnets were used as testbeds for potential changes (including pre-load fine tuning) to be implemented in the series, and to better understand the stress dependence of Nb$_\\\\text{3}$Sn magnet performance. In this paper we report the findings of the short model MQXFS7, where we investigated the effect of higher azimuthal pre-load on the performance of this magnet assembled with coils wound from Nb$_\\\\text{3}$Sn Restacked-Rod-Process (RRP) conductors, which are the baseline for MQXF magnets, and Powder-In-Tube (PIT) conductors, which were initially considered as a potential candidate but subsequently set aside. Starting at the baseline level of 110 MPa azimuthal preload at 1.9 K (corresponding to a full preload at nominal current, which is 77% of the short sample limit at 1.9 K), we increased the pre-load in steps of 20 MPa up to 190 MPa. The magnet was able to operate above 90% of the short sample limit indicating a large range of possible preloads. Indications of performance degradation at 90-95% of the short sample limit were found in the PIT conductor at 170 and 190 MPa. The test included a significant set of observables, such as the ramp rate dependency on the quench current, and V-I measurements to see growing resistance in segments of the coil.","description":"With the assembly and test results of four Nb$_\\\\text{3}$Sn short-model quadrupoles (MQXFS) for the High Luminosity Upgrade of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), an optimum pre-load level was established for the construction of the full-length, series magnets. Successive MQXFS…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2861192","author":"F.J. Mangiarotti (CERN), S.Izquierdo Bermudez (CERN), A. Devred (CERN), R.Diaz Vez (CERN), J.Ferradas Troitino (CERN), S.Ferradas Troitino (CERN, Bergoz Instrument., St. Genis Pouilly), J. Feuvrier (CERN), M. Guinchard (CERN), A. Haziot (CERN), A. Milanese (CERN), S. Mugnier (CERN), J.C. Perez (CERN), P. Quassolo (CERN), S. Russenschuck (CERN), E. Todesco (CERN), G. Willering (CERN)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-19T12:06:34.682Z","media":null,"categories":["Superconducting magnets","Magnetomechanical effects","Coils","Training","Stress","Saturation magnetization","Voltage","Conductors","Superconductivity","Protection","High stress","low beta quadrupole","Nb $_\\\\text{3}$ Sn","quench","superconducting magnets"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Analytical and Numerical Study of Superconducting Dipole and Quadrupole Performance Limits for a Muon Collider","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2861191","content":"In accordance with the guidelines set forth in the Updated European Strategy for Particle Physics, the International Muon Collider Collaboration has been initiated to assess the feasibility of a Muon Collider facility with a center-of-mass energy of 10 TeV. The primary challenges stem from the brief muon lifetime at rest, which is limited to 2.2 µs. Addressing this demanding condition necessitates the incorporation of advanced technologies in magnets, RF systems, targets, shielding, and cooling. To minimize collimated neutrino beams resulting from muon decay and reduce the impact of radiation background around the facility, the straight sections in the collider ring must be minimized. Achieving this goal involves integrating beam optics quadrupoles with bending dipoles featuring a high magnetic field ($>$10 T) and gradient ($>$100 T/m) within a large aperture (140 mm). These stringent constraints require cutting-edge technologies in material selection, mechanical layout, quench protection, shielding, and cooling. This contribution explores the performance limits of potential candidate materials for such magnets, specifically LTS (Low-Temperature Superconductors) Nb$_{3}$Sn and (High-Temperature Superconductors) ReBCO, regarding the maximum field, mechanical stress, and stored energy. We present an original approach that allows us to explore the achievable phase space of parameters using both analytical expressions and the FEM software ANSYS, handled by Python code. Using this approach, we will show the obtained results for dipoles and quadrupoles.","description":"In accordance with the guidelines set forth in the Updated European Strategy for Particle Physics, the International Muon Collider Collaboration has been initiated to assess the feasibility of a Muon Collider facility with a center-of-mass energy of 10 TeV. The primary challenges…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2861191","author":"Daniel Novelli (INFN, Genoa, U. Rome La Sapienza (main)), Luca Alfonso (INFN, Genoa), Andrea Bersani (INFN, Genoa), Luca Bottura (CERN), Barbara Caiffi (INFN, Genoa), Stefania Farinon (INFN, Genoa), Filippo Levi (INFN, Genoa), Francesco Mariani (U. Rome La Sapienza (main), LASA, Segrate), Samuele Mariotto (Milan Bicocca U., LASA, Segrate), Alessandra Pampaloni (INFN, Genoa), Tiina Salmi (Tampere U. of Tech.)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-19T12:06:20.404Z","media":null,"categories":["Magnets","Finite element analysis","Costs","Muon colliders","Apertures","Codes","Protection","Stress","Mesons","Superconductivity","Accelerator dipoles","accelerator magnets","accelerator quadrupoles","Muon Collider","superconducting magnets"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Mechanical Design of a ReBCO Non/Metal-Insulated 40 T Solenoid for the Muon Collider","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2861190","content":"In the framework of the design studies of a Muon Collider (MuC), the design of Ultra-High-Field (UHF) magnets is a crucial part, particularly for the MuC\'s final cooling stage. To address this, CERN has recently introduced a conceptual design for a 40 T solenoid characterized by very compact pancake coils. Due to the high magnetic field and operating current density (approximately 600 A/mm2), the Lorentz forces acting on the winding are extremely large. Consequently, the mechanical design, along with quench protection, represents a significant challenge in the development of this magnet. An additional mechanical complexity is constituted by the strong anisotropy and low strength of ReBCO tapes. This article focuses on the proposed mechanical design of the 40 T solenoid. The primary objective of this design is to keep the stresses induced in the coils by Lorentz forces below materials admissible limits. Initially, the paper presents a conceptual design based on analytical calculations relying on the application of a radial pre-compression (approximately 200 MPa) to the pancake coils by shrink-fitting, prior to energization. Subsequently, a finite element analysis is performed, introducing various nonlinearities (material, geometric, plasticity) to optimize the magnet\'s design. The study also investigates a hybrid solution, in which the initial coil loading is obtained by a combination of shrink fitting and mechanical compression by a clamped conical connection based on shrink discs. The highly anisotropic mechanical properties of the tape, which are not extensively documented in current literature, were investigated by a series of dedicated tests relying on specially designed tooling. This design and experimental testing complement the simulation efforts by allowing to derive and implement in the models more accurate material properties. In conclusion, the proposed magnet design exemplifies a synergistic integration of experimental work and simulation efforts, advancing the development of UHF magnets for the Muon Collider.","description":"In the framework of the design studies of a Muon Collider (MuC), the design of Ultra-High-Field (UHF) magnets is a crucial part, particularly for the MuC\'s final cooling stage. To address this, CERN has recently introduced a conceptual design for a 40 T solenoid characterized by…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2861190","author":"C. Accettura (CERN), A. Bertarelli (CERN), B. Bordini (CERN), L. Bottura (CERN), A. Dudarev (CERN), A. Kolehmainen (CERN), T. Mulder (CERN), F. Sanda (CERN), G. Vernassa (CERN)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-19T12:06:18.995Z","media":null,"categories":["Coils","Stress","Solenoids","Magnets","Cooling","Superconducting magnets","Copper","Magnetic fields","Finite element analysis","Mesons","Muon-collider","ReBCO","solenoid","ultra-high-field"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Preliminary Design of a Block-Coil Magnet for the Muon Collider Ring","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2861182","content":"In the framework of the IMCC (International Muon Collider Collaboration), a feasibility study for a collider ring 10 km long with muons having a center of mass energy of 10 TeV is currently being carried out. The superconducting magnets represent one of the most challenging components of the collider stage of such a facility: indeed, the need for high fields, large apertures and dipole + quadrupole combined function require technological choices at the edge of the status of the art. These requirements arise from the short lifetime at rest of the muons, 2.2 $\\\\mu \\\\text {s}$, which brings the need for a compact collider to maximize the luminosity and large bore magnets to accommodate adequate shielding for the decay products. Furthermore, long straight sections must be avoided to mitigate the dose hazard induced by the collimated neutrino beams produced by the muon decay, hence dipoles and quadrupoles must be combined in the same magnets. In this contribution we will present the preliminary 2D design of a superconducting magnet based on the block-coil concept that meets the requirements needed for the muon collider ring, focusing both on the electromagnetic and mechanical aspects.","description":"In the framework of the IMCC (International Muon Collider Collaboration), a feasibility study for a collider ring 10 km long with muons having a center of mass energy of 10 TeV is currently being carried out. The superconducting magnets represent one of the most challenging…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2861182","author":"Luca Alfonso (INFN, Genoa), Andrea Bersani (INFN, Genoa), Luca Bottura (CERN), Barbara Caiffi (INFN, Genoa), Stefania Farinon (INFN, Genoa), Andrea Gagno (INFN, Genoa), Filippo Levi (INFN, Genoa), Francesco Mariani (INFN, Milan, U. Rome La Sapienza (main)), Samuele Mariotto (INFN, Milan, Milan Bicocca U.), Riccardo Musenich (INFN, Genoa), Daniel Novelli (INFN, Genoa, U. Rome La Sapienza (main)), Alessandra Pampaloni (INFN, Genoa), Tiina Salmi (Tampere U. of Tech.)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-19T12:05:33.334Z","media":null,"categories":["Superconducting magnets","Magnetic hysteresis","Superconducting cables","Saturation magnetization","Magnetic shielding","Magnetic noise","Muon colliders","Mesons","Magnetomechanical effects","Finite element analysis","Accelerator magnets","block coil magnets","muon collider","superconducting magnets"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Quantum Money from Class Group Actions on Elliptic Curves","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2860662","content":"We construct a quantum money/quantum lightning scheme from class group actions on elliptic curves over \\\\(\\\\mathbb {F}_p\\\\). Our scheme, which is based on the invariant money construction of Liu-Montgomery-Zhandry (Eurocrypt’23), is simple to describe. We believe it to be the most instantiable and well-defined quantum money construction known so far. The security of our quantum lightning construction is exactly equivalent to the (conjectured) hardness of constructing two uniform superpositions over elliptic curves in an isogeny class which is acted on simply transitively by an exponentially large ideal class group.However, we needed to advance the state of the art of isogenies in order to achieve our scheme. In particular, we show:An efficient (quantum) algorithm for sampling a uniform superposition over a cryptographically large isogeny class.A method for specifying polynomially many generators for the class group so that polynomial-sized products yield an exponential-sized subset of class group, modulo a seemingly very modest assumption.Achieving these results also requires us to advance the state of the art of the (pure) mathematics of elliptic curves, and we are optimistic that the mathematical tools we developed in this paper can be used to advance isogeny-based cryptography in other ways.","description":"We construct a quantum money/quantum lightning scheme from class group actions on elliptic curves over \\\\(\\\\mathbb {F}_p\\\\). Our scheme, which is based on the invariant money construction of Liu-Montgomery-Zhandry (Eurocrypt’23), is simple to describe. We believe it to be the most…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2860662","author":"Hart Montgomery, Shahed Sharif","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-18T07:07:05.852Z","media":null,"categories":["Elliptic Curve Isogenies","Quantum Money"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"FPGA-Based Synchronization of Frequency-Domain Interferometer for QKD","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2860654","content":"In this article, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel synchronization method for quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. The method consists of maximizing the visibility of frequency-domain interference of optical sidebands about an optical carrier at the receiver node. The sidebands are generated by phase modulation of the optical carrier by an radio-frequency (RF) signal whose phase can be dynamically varied. The phase-variable RF signal is generated by the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) at the transmitter and the receiver using GTX transceivers. In order to facilitate this, we use square waveforms for RF signal instead of the conventional sinusoidal signals. We derive mathematical expressions for sideband power as a function of the phase difference between RF signals at transmitter and receiver. The phase is adjusted using dynamic phase shifter module, implemented by the FPGA. We propose a complete workflow that allows transmitter and receiver synchronization to within 12.6 ps directly over the quantum channel of QKD systems. Once synchronized, the same system can be switched over to quantum transmission by user-defined time delay. The workflow was implemented on a Xilinx Kintex-7 KC705 FPGA board. We studied the robustness of our technique by evaluating the stability of the interferometer over an operation of 10 min with standard deviation of interference to be less than 9% of the mean detection amplitude.","description":"In this article, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel synchronization method for quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. The method consists of maximizing the visibility of frequency-domain interference of optical sidebands about an optical carrier at the receiver…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2860654","author":"Nishanth Chandra (Indian Inst. Tech., Kanpur), Pradeep Kumar Krishnamurthy (Indian Inst. Tech., Kanpur)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-18T07:05:57.759Z","media":null,"categories":["Synchronization","Amplitude modulation","Field programmable gate arrays","Radio frequency","Optical modulation","Optical interferometry","RF signals","Optical receivers","Interference","Clocks","Clock synchronization","field-programmable gate array (FPGA)","frequency-coded quantum key distribution (FC-QKD)","GTX transceiver","quantum communication","quantum cryptography","quantum key distribution (QKD)"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Adaptive Hardcore Bit and Quantum Key Leasing over Classical Channel from LWE with Polynomial Modulus","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2860271","content":"Quantum key leasing, also known as public key encryption with secure key leasing (PKE-SKL), allows a user to lease a (quantum) secret key to a server for decryption purpose, with the capability of revoking the key afterwards. In the pioneering work by Chardouvelis et al. (arXiv:2310.14328), a PKE-SKL scheme utilizing classical channels was successfully built upon the noisy trapdoor claw-free (NTCF) family. This approach, however, relies on the superpolynomial hardness of learning with errors (LWE) problem, which could affect both efficiency and security of the scheme.In our work, we demonstrate that the reliance on superpolynomial hardness is unnecessary, and that LWE with polynomial-size modulus is sufficient to achieve the same goal. Our approach enhances both efficiency and security, thereby improving the practical feasibility of the scheme on near-term quantum devices. To accomplish this, we first construct a noticeable NTCF (NNTCF) family with the adaptive hardcore bit property, based on LWE with polynomial-size modulus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the adaptive hardcore bit property based on LWE with polynomial-size modulus, which may be of independent interest. Building on this foundation, we address additional challenges in prior work to construct the first PKE-SKL scheme satisfying the following properties: (i) the entire protocol utilizes only classical communication, and can also be lifted to support homomorphism. (ii) the security is solely based on LWE assumption with polynomial-size modulus.As a demonstration of the versatility of our noticeable NTCF, we show that an efficient proof of quantumness protocol can be built upon it. Specifically, our protocol enables a classical verifier to test the quantumness while relying exclusively on the LWE assumption with polynomial-size modulus.","description":"Quantum key leasing, also known as public key encryption with secure key leasing (PKE-SKL), allows a user to lease a (quantum) secret key to a server for decryption purpose, with the capability of revoking the key afterwards. In the pioneering work by Chardouvelis et al. (arXiv…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2860271","author":"Duong Hieu Phan (LTCI, Paris), Weiqiang Wen (LTCI, Paris), Xingyu Yan (Xian U. Posts Telecommun.), Jinwei Zheng (LTCI, Paris)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-17T20:30:07.085Z","media":null,"categories":["Trapdoor claw-free functions","Adaptive hardcore bit","Secure key leasing","Proofs of quantumness","Learning with errors"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"The braid group action on quantum queer superalgebra","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859343","content":"In his seminal work [22], Lusztig introduced a braid group action by automorphisms on the quantum group . This result and its generalizations have since become fundamental to the study of quantum algebras. In this paper, we extend the braid group action to the queer superalgebra and its quantization , which promises to be crucial for investigating the structure of these algebras. In particular, we are able to define root vectors for each, together with explicit expressions in terms of standard generators. For , we moreover obtain their super commutation formulas. As a consequence, we construct PBW-type bases for both and involving products of these root vectors, further strengthening our understanding of their structure.","description":"In his seminal work [22], Lusztig introduced a braid group action by automorphisms on the quantum group Uv(sln). This result and its generalizations have since become fundamental to the study of quantum algebras. In this paper, we extend the braid group action to the queer…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859343","author":"Jianmin Chen, Zhenhua Li, Hongying Zhu","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-15T09:49:55.943Z","media":null,"categories":["17B37","17A70","20G42","20C08","Quantum queer superalgebra","Braid group action","Root vector","PBW basis"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"The Regional Impact of Single-Site and Distributed Research Infrastructures Using the Example of DORIS and CTAO","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859155","content":"Large-scale research facilities can take a number of forms including distributed research infrastructures, a network of distributed instruments that are geographically scattered, and single-sited research infrastructures but also virtual research infrastructures.","description":"Large-scale research facilities can take a number of forms including distributed research infrastructures, a network of distributed instruments that are geographically scattered, and single-sited research infrastructures but also virtual research infrastructures.","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859155","author":"Stephan Haid","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-13T12:50:16.400Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Observation, Analysis and Evaluation of the Industrial Contribution to the Peer-Reviewed Public Access of the ESRF: A Pilot Study","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859154","content":"Although achieving excellent science remains the primary goal for Research Infrastructures (RIs), RI stakeholders share an increasing interest in understanding the broader contribution of RIs to tackle societal challenges. In such a context, an attempt has been made to identify the direct synergies between the ESRF (European Synchrotron Radiation Facility) and industry, as industrial contribution to publicly funded initiatives provides a key route to understanding the socio-economic impact. While all activities at the ESRF result in effects on the innovation process, direct synergies with industry act as one of the only attributive mode of innovation leading a tangible way to sustain innovation. Therefore, this contribution zooms in on the ESRF’s peer-reviewed public access and how industry is directly and indirectly involved in generating not only scientific but also potentially social and economic impact of the facility.","description":"Although achieving excellent science remains the primary goal for Research Infrastructures (RIs), RI stakeholders share an increasing interest in understanding the broader contribution of RIs to tackle societal challenges. In such a context, an attempt has been made to identify…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859154","author":"Junhanlu Zhang, Ennio Capria","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-13T12:50:15.027Z","media":null,"categories":["Industrial engagement","Socio-economic impact","Research infrastructure","Synchrotron facility","Innovation"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"The Value of Open Science at CERN: An Analysis Based on a Travel Cost Model","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859144","content":"Open science is a fundamental root of the European Organization for Nuclear Research, known by its acronym CERN. This international organization, located between Switzerland and France, has distinguished itself since its inception by sharing its discoveries, innovative technologies, and the information generated by its most ambitious project, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) so that researchers around the world and society can benefit from the data gathered and the knowledge created. One of the main characteristics of the organization is the possibility to freely visit the particle accelerators and the experiments at these machines. On these occasions, visitors can meet the scientists and learn directly from them about the organization, its discoveries, and its daily activities. This study is one of the few assessing the economic value of these initiatives. It is based on a survey using a sample size of 900 visitors to CERN during one calendar year. Results from a travel cost application show that visitor would be willing to pay a total on average at least 0.72 € over the cost of the trip per person, owing to the experience and knowledge gained during their visit to the infrastructure.","description":"Open science is a fundamental root of the European Organization for Nuclear Research, known by its acronym CERN. This international organization, located between Switzerland and France, has distinguished itself since its inception by sharing its discoveries, innovative…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859144","author":"Irene del Rosario Crespo Garrido (Santiago de Compostela U., CERN), María Loureiro García (Santiago de Compostela U.), Johannes Gutleber (CERN)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-13T12:47:41.210Z","media":null,"categories":["CERN","LHC","Travel cost method","Willingness to pay","Consumer surplus","Open science","Economic impact","Social impact"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"The Value of an Open Scientific Data and Documentation Platform in a Global Project: The Case of Zenodo","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859141","content":"Open Science is a movement aimed at promoting public access to all scientific research products, without barriers or restrictions. Open Data refers to the practice of sharing research data in a way that assures that the research is accessible, reusable, and reproducible for everyone. Leveraging these two principles, scientists can validate results, and findings, conduct new research, and promote scientific progress. Open data also enables interdisciplinary collaborations and the exploration of research questions beyond the original scope of the data. The most appropriate means used for implementing Open science and open data are digital, collaborative technologies. One notable example of a platform facilitating information dissemination is Zenodo, a free virtual repository based on the CERN developed Invenio software suite. Zenodo serves as an open access and open data platform, offering researchers, scientists, and individuals a centralized, durable, reliable, scalable, free, and accessible space to share, publish, and preserve their research outputs. Zenodo provides various features and benefits that foster knowledge advancement and collaboration within the research community. By promoting open access, Zenodo enables the global dissemination of research findings, eliminating obstacles such as geographic and financial constraints. It is challenging to accurately capture the impact of scientific dissemination, both social and economic. This is particularly the case for a free, “catch-all” repository, which permits any user to supply and access non-reviewed information. This report provides a quantitative estimate of the monetary value that a virtual repository represents based on a multi-component model in which the different parts of the system are quantified using appropriate distinct methods. This study uses the virtual repository Zenodo as a reference case for the ex-ante societal impact analysis for the Future Circular Collider (FCC) at CERN, assuming that in the lifetime of such a new research infrastructure, at least one comparable development will be required due to the collaborative nature of scientific physics research with particle accelerators and colliders. Our results indicate a discounted socio-economic impact potential of about 2.8 billion CHF for an observation period of 29 years, from 2028 to 2057.","description":"Open Science is a movement aimed at promoting public access to all scientific research products, without barriers or restrictions. Open Data refers to the practice of sharing research data in a way that assures that the research is accessible, reusable, and reproducible for…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859141","author":"Irene del Rosario Crespo Garrido (Santiago de Compostela U., CERN), María Loureiro García (Santiago de Compostela U.), Johannes Gutleber (CERN)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-13T12:47:09.907Z","media":null,"categories":["Zenodo","CERN","LHC","FCC","FCCIS","OpenAIRE","Open science","Open-access","Economic impact","Social impact","Virtual repository"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Tracing Different Types of Local Economic Benefits of RIs: The Case Study of LHC","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859133","content":"CERN is operating the world’s largest particle accelerator complex in the world. The interconnection of versatile particle accelerators working with different particle beams at different intensities and energies continue to attract scientists and engineers from all over the world. The socio-economic effects generated by the presence of in the region are manifold. They include, but are not limited to consumer spending, real-estate investments and local business and services activities, investments in education, leisure activities and tourism, urban development and tax contributions. This chapter traces different local socio-economic effects of concentrating a large number of people around a research infrastructure.","description":"CERN is operating the world’s largest particle accelerator complex in the world. The interconnection of versatile particle accelerators working with different particle beams at different intensities and energies continue to attract scientists and engineers from all over the world…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859133","author":"Leslie Alix (CERN, CNRS, France, Annecy, LAPP), Johannes Gutleber (CERN)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-13T12:34:36.301Z","media":null,"categories":["Territorial benefits","Consumer spending","Local services","Research infrastructure","Socio-economic effects"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"The Economics of Big Science 2.0: Essays by Leading Scientists and Policymakers","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859132","content":"The second volume of open access essays builds upon the success of the initial installment, \\"The Economics of Big Science (© 2021, 978-3-030-52390-9, Open Access book as well),\\" delving deeper into the tangible socio-economic value generated by fundamental science missions and elucidating the various ways in which this benefit is realized. This collection showcases contributions that stem from socio-economic impact studies conducted on the activities of Research Infrastructures. These studies were presented and discussed by the authors during a dedicated session on the \\"Economics of Big Science\\" at the headquarters of the European Space Agency (ESA) in Paris in May 2023, organized by EIROforum.The authors, affiliated with prominent universities, research centers, and international research organizations, actively contribute to an international collaborative effort. Their aim is to develop strategies and policies that ensure fundamental scientific research in Europe translates into tangible and sustainable societal and economic benefits. This volume is intended to be a valuable resource for policymakers, funding agencies, scientists, and academics across diverse domains. It serves as a comprehensive reference for the evidence of socio-economic impact stemming from fundamental scientific research within Open Science, Research, and Innovation environments. Moreover, it equips stakeholders with evidence supporting the effectiveness of impact analysis and facilitates the design of best practices in this regard.","description":"The second volume of open access essays builds upon the success of the initial installment, \\"The Economics of Big Science (© 2021, 978-3-030-52390-9, Open Access book as well),\\" delving deeper into the tangible socio-economic value generated by fundamental science missions and…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859132","author":"Johannes Gutleber (CERN), Panagiotis Charitos (CERN)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-13T12:33:53.587Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Building CERN’s Future Circular Collider—An Estimation of Its Impact on Value Added and Employment","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859130","content":"This chapter explores the potential economic and employment impacts of constructing the Future Circular Collider (FCC), a next-generation particle accelerator being developed by CERN. The FCC project aims to build upon the existing accelerator complex near Geneva, extending into the Haute-Savoie region and introducing an unparalleled research facility for the global scientific community. By integrating a high-intensity electron-positron collider and a high-energy hadron collider, the FCC is designed to push the boundaries of particle physics throughout the twenty-first century. Beyond its scientific aspirations, the project has the potential to create significant economic value through direct and indirect employment, technology transfer, and innovation spillovers across sectors. The analysis presented in this chapter examines the anticipated impacts on regional and international economies, highlighting the benefits of such a large-scale infrastructure in advancing scientific frontiers while also delivering tangible contributions to society, innovation, and employment growth. Through advanced modelling and projections, the chapter estimates the FCC’s potential to act as a catalyst for economic development, further solidifying Europe’s leadership in high-energy physics research.","description":"This chapter explores the potential economic and employment impacts of constructing the Future Circular Collider (FCC), a next-generation particle accelerator being developed by CERN. The FCC project aims to build upon the existing accelerator complex near Geneva, extending into…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859130","author":"Gerhard Streicher, Johannes Gutleber (CERN)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-13T12:33:28.013Z","media":null,"categories":["Future circular collider","CERN","Particle physics","Economic impact","Employment","Research infrastructure","Value-added","Innovation","Technology transfer","Scientific progress","Regional development","High-energy physics","Economic modelling","International collaboration"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Single-Event Effects, from Space to Accelerator Environments : Analysis, Prediction and Hardening by Design","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859055","content":"This book describes the fundamental concepts underlying radiation-induced failure mechanisms in electronic components operating in harsh environments, such as in space missions or in particle accelerators. In addition to providing an extensive overview of the dynamics and composition of different radiation environments, the authors discuss the failure mechanisms, known as single-event effects (SEEs), and dedicated failure modeling and prediction methodologies. Additionally, novel radiation-hardening-by-design (RHBD) techniques at physical layout and circuit levels are described. Readers who are newcomers to this field will learn the fundamental concepts of particle interaction physics and electronics hardening design, starting from the composition and dynamics of radiation environments and their effects on electronics, to the qualification and hardening of components. Experienced readers will enjoy the comprehensive discussion of the state-of-the-art in modeling, simulation, and analysis of radiation effects developed in the recent years, especially the outcome of the recent European project, RADSAGA. Describes both the fundamental concepts underlying radiation effects in electronics and state-of-the-art hardening methodologies Addresses failure mechanisms, known as single-event effects (SEEs), and dedicated failure modeling and prediction methodologies Reveals novel radiation-hardening-by-design (RHBD) techniques at physical layout and circuit levels Offers readers the first book in which particle accelerator applications will be extensively included in the radiation effects context This is an open access book.","description":"This book describes the fundamental concepts underlying radiation-induced failure mechanisms in electronic components operating in harsh environments, such as in space missions or in particle accelerators. In addition to providing an extensive overview of the dynamics and…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2859055","author":"Ygor Quadros de Aguiar, Frédéric Wrobel, Jean-Luc Autran, Rubén García Alía","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-13T10:00:51.989Z","media":null,"categories":["thema EDItEUR::T Technology","Engineering","Agriculture","Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJF Electronics engineering::TJFC Electronics: circuits and components","Industrial processes::TR Transport technology and trades::TRP Aerospace and aviation technology","Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTD Space science::TTDS Astronautics","Soft Errors from Particle to Circuits","Single Event Effects in Aerospace","Radiation Effects on Integrated Circuits and Systems","Radiation Hardening by Process","Radiation Hardening by Design","RADSAGA"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Marginally outer trapped surfaces in the maximal Kruskal-Szekeres extension","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858543","content":"Marginally outer trapped surfaces in the maximal Kruskal-Szekeres extension","description":"Marginally outer trapped surfaces in the maximal Kruskal-Szekeres extension","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858543","author":"Liam Newhook (Memorial U., Newfoundland)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-12T15:42:26.257Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"The deflection angle and quasi-periodic oscillations of an extended gravitational decoupled black hole solution","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858535","content":"The deflection angle and quasi-periodic oscillations of an extended gravitational decoupled black hole solution","description":"The deflection angle and quasi-periodic oscillations of an extended gravitational decoupled black hole solution","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858535","author":"S.K. Maurya","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-12T15:41:41.527Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Domain formation and structural stabilities in mixed-species Coulomb crystals induced by sympathetically cooled highly charged ions","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858533","content":"There is a growing interest in high-precision spectroscopy and frequency metrology for fundamental studies using sympathetically cooled highly charged ions (HCIs) embedded in Coulomb crystals of laser-cooled ions. In order to understand how their strong repulsion affects the crystal structure and dynamics, we study the thermal motion and rearrangement of small mixed linear and homogeneous crystals by both measurements and simulations. Cocrystallized HCIs form superlattices and divide the crystal into domains, where different reordering rates, melting points, and localized phase transitions are observed due to decoupling of motional modes across boundaries. These results improve our understanding of homogeneous and inhomogeneous ion strings over a wide range of charge-to-mass ratios. This allows us to test our own simulations of the dynamic behavior of ion strings and gives us confidence in their suitability for applications related to quantum simulation as well as computing and the search for new physics.","description":"There is a growing interest in high-precision spectroscopy and frequency metrology for fundamental studies using sympathetically cooled highly charged ions (HCIs) embedded in Coulomb crystals of laser-cooled ions. In order to understand how their strong repulsion affects the…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858533","author":"L.-A. Rüffert, E.A. Dijck, L. Timm, J.R. Crespo López-Urrutia, T.E. Mehlstäubler","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-12T15:41:32.418Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"A General Discussion on Photon Spheres in Different Categories of Spacetimes","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858527","content":"Photon sphere has attracted considerable interests in the studies of black hole and other astrophysical objects. For different categories of spacetimes (or gravitational sources), the existence of photon spheres and their distributions are dramatically influenced by geometric and topological properties of spacetimes and characteristics of the corresponding gravitational fields. In this work, we carry out a geometric analysis on photon spheres for different categories of spacetime (including black hole spacetime, ultra-compact object\'s spacetime, regular spacetime, naked singularity spacetime). Some universal properties and conclusions are obtained for these spacetimes. We mostly focus on the existence of photon spheres, total number of photon spheres $n = n_{\\\\text{stable}} + n_{\\\\text{unstable}}$, the subtraction of stable photon sphere and unstable photon sphere $w = n_{\\\\text{stable}} - n_{\\\\text{unstable}}$ in different categories of spacetimes. These conclusions are derived solely from geometric properties of optical geometry of spacetimes, irrelevant to the specific spacetime metric forms. Besides, our results successfully recover some important theorems on photon spheres proposed in recent years.","description":"Photon sphere has attracted considerable interests in the studies of black hole and other astrophysical objects. For different categories of spacetimes (or gravitational sources), the existence of photon spheres and their distributions are dramatically influenced by geometric and…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858527","author":"Chen-Kai Qiao (CQUT, Chongqing), Ping Su (CQUT, Chongqing), Yang Huang (Xiangtan, Hunan U. Sci. Technol.)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-12T15:40:53.938Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Unveiling the nature of the Unassociated Gamma-ray Sources in the fourth Fermi catalog: a multi-wavelengthapproach","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858504","content":"Fifteen years have passed since the launch of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, a spaceobservatory designed to study celestial objects emitting in the 𝛾-ray energy range. Equippedwith two main instruments, the Large Area Telescope (LAT) and the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor(GBM), Fermi has transformed our understanding of the high-energy universe.Fermi’s all-sky monitoring capabilities have provided an unprecedented view of the universein 𝛾-rays, detecting a wide variety of sources such as active galactic nuclei (AGNs), pulsars,supernova remnants, and 𝛾-ray bursts with exceptional precision. Its observations have unveiledthe dynamic and energetic processes driving these objects, offering new insights into extremeastrophysical phenomena and shedding light on some of the most energetic events in the cosmos.By significantly improving sensitivity and spatial resolution compared to its predecessors, Fermihas uncovered thousands of previously unknown 𝛾-ray sources, enriching our understanding ofhigh-energy astrophysics.One of the key achievements of the Fermi mission has been the development of comprehensive𝛾-ray source catalogs, essential resources for the high-energy astrophysics community. Thesecatalogs list and characterize the 𝛾-ray sources detected by the LAT, providing critical data ontheir locations, energy spectra, and variability. Over the years, several iterations of these catalogshave been released, each incorporating new data and refined analysis methods.The most recent and extensive catalog is the Fourth Fermi-LAT Gamma-ray Source Catalog(4FGL), first released in 2019. In 2023, the Fermi collaboration published an incrementalupdate to this catalog, referred to as 4FGL-DR4. This version reports sources detected over14 years of LAT observations, cataloging a total of 7195 objects. Of these, 4765 have beenassociated or identified at other wavelengths through positional overlap, correlated variability, ormulti-wavelength spectral properties. Among the associated and identified sources, the majorityare blazars—a subclass of AGN with relativistic jets pointing at an angle of 𝜃 ≤ 10◦ with respectto the observer’s line of sight.However, a significant portion of the Fermi catalog, approximately 30% of sources, remainsunclassified and unassociated with lower-energy counterparts, collectively referred to as unassoci-ated gamma-ray sources (UGSs). UGSs play a key role in the high-energy sky, potentially hidingnew blazars or other types of AGNs. Identifying and classifying these sources can enhance our understanding of the most extreme environments in the universe, such as those involvingsupermassive black holes, and may reveal missing components in our current models of thehigh-energy universe. UGSs are typically faint, with lower 𝛾-ray fluxes. On average, UGSs havefluxes ∼ 5.3 × 10−12 erg cm−2 s−1, compared to ∼ 1.6 × 10−11 erg cm−2 s−1 for associated AGNin the 100 MeV to 100 GeV range), suggesting that they may represent a higher redshift AGNpopulation and/or lower luminosity sources. Identifying UGSs is crucial for population studies,developing physical models, understanding the cosmic evolution of 𝛾-ray sources and estimatingthe very high-energy (VHE) cosmic background.The goal of this thesis is to associate and classify extragalactic UGSs from the fourth Fermicatalog, with the aim of unveiling new blazars and, more broadly, new AGNs. To achieve this,the analysis focuses on the 1284 UGSs located outside the Galactic plane (|𝑏| ≥ 10◦), searchingfor X-ray, optical, and radio counterparts that spatially coincide with the 𝛾-ray positions. Giventhe large uncertainty regions in 𝛾-rays, the search begins in the X-ray band, where the potentialcounterpart confusion is limited compared to lower energy bands such as optical and radio, andwhere positional uncertainties are more constrained relative to 𝛾-rays. This strategy allows for amore focused search region.In the past decade, the Swift X-ray satellite has been conducting a dedicated observationalcampaign targeting Fermi’s unassociated sources, providing real-time access to its data. Thisthesis begins by analyzing all the available Swift X-ray images, which cover the 𝛾-ray positions ofthe UGSs. The number of UGSs with Swift observations is 714. From this analysis, I found that274 of these 𝛾-ray emitters have at least one X-ray source detected with a significance of ≥ 3𝜎within their Fermi error box. Among these, 193 UGSs have a single potential X-ray counterpart(referred to as UGS1), while 81 have multiple potential X-ray counterparts within the Fermi errorbox (referred to as UGS2). Of the UGS2, 54 have two X-ray counterparts, 11 have three, and theremaining 16 have more than three.Starting from the X-ray positions and error boxes, optical and radio counterparts are searchedwithin several catalogs or by dedicated observations. I found that each UGS1 has a potentialoptical counterpart, and 113 also could be associated to a radio counterpart. Regarding theUGS2 sub-sample, I found a large degeneracy of potential counterparts, which complicates theassociation process. I separated the sources in the sample in radio-loud and radio-quiet sources(accordingly to the historical threshold of the radio-loudness ratio, placed to R=10).To assess the reliability of the associations, I compared the absolute and relative fluxes ofthe potential counterparts with those of blazars from the fourth Fermi catalog. The comparisonrevealed that radio-loud sources exhibit emission profiles similar to those of blazars, makingthem strong candidates for counterparts. In contrast, radio-quiet sources tend to deviate fromtypical blazar behavior. Given that only radio-loud AGNs are listed in the Fermi catalog, a morein-depth analysis is necessary to confirm these associations.I found that 33 UGS1 have optical spectra already available in the literature. The analysis ofoptical spectra is a fundamental step in determining the extragalactic origin of UGSs, estimatingtheir distance, and classifying them among the various AGN sub-classes. From the analysis ofthese 33 UGSs, I found that the X-ray emitter located within their Fermi error box is a BL Lac (a subclass of blazars with an optical spectrum described by a featureless power law or weakemission lines) for 21 of them, a Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar (FSRQ, a subclass of blazarsdistinguished from BL Lacs by its strong and broad optical emission lines) for one source, aradio galaxy (a subclass of AGN characterized by extended radio emission) for one source, and aSeyfert or Quasi Stellar Object (subclasses of AGN with strong emission lines in the optical butweak or absent radio emission) for 10 of them. The presence of radio-quiet AGNs in the Fermicatalog is unexpected and potentially interesting, as all AGNs listed in the fourth Fermi catalogso far are radio-loud.The 33 UGSs associated and classified in this thesis, along with a sample of 44 UGSs fromthe second and third Fermi catalogs, which were associated and classified by Paiano et al. (2017a,2019), are characterized through their multi-wavelength emission. Specifically, I analyzed thespectral energy distributions (SEDs) of these 77 𝛾-ray emitters to study their properties, while alsoexamining the emission intensities of the BL Lacs in the sample to identify new masquerading BLLacs (FSRQs with featureless optical spectra typical of BL Lacs, due to their strong continuummasking the spectral lines).The SED analysis leads to the conclusion that radio-loud AGNs in the sample (64 objectson a total of 77) are well-associated, as they exhibit continuity between the emission of thecounterpart and the 𝛾-ray emitter. These objects are then classified into the blazar subclasses lowsynchrotron peak (LSP), intermediate synchrotron peak (ISP), and high synchrotron peak (HSP),based on the position of the synchrotron emission peak in their SEDs. The majority are classifiedas HSP (46 objects), with 11 as ISP and 7 as LSP.Furthermore the multi-wavelength analysis led to the identification of 9 candidates mas-querading BL Lacs, representing approximately 15% (possibly ∼ 30%) of the radio-loud sample,which is somewhat smaller than the value of ≳ 34% found in the previous studies.Regarding the 13 radio-quiet sources in the sample, I found that they exhibit behavior thatdiverges from that of jetted-AGNs. Many of them do not show radio emission, and their SEDsdeviate from the typical double peak trend, indicating the absence of a jet. This makes reconcilingthe 𝛾-ray emission with lower-energy emissions challenging. Since 𝛾-ray emission requiresnon-thermal processes, and having excluded the jet as the source of this emission, I wonderedabout the possibility of having a 𝛾-ray emission from star formation processes. This analysisyields negative results. In the absence of a jet and star formation processes, linking the 𝛾-rayemission to lower-energy emission is complicated.For this reason I searched for alternative counterparts, looking for radio sources that arepositionally coincident with the 𝛾-ray emitters. From this search, I find a possible alternativecounterpart for 7 out of 13 UGSs, which shows a jet and continuity across the entire SED,described by a typical double peak trend of jetted AGNs. These sources will be the subject of afuture observational campaign, which will allow for a definitive classification and verificationof the associations. No valid alternative counterparts are found for the remaining 6 sources.Therefore, these sources require a more in-depth analysis regarding the origin of the 𝛾-rayemission.","description":"Fifteen years have passed since the launch of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, a spaceobservatory designed to study celestial objects emitting in the 𝛾-ray energy range. Equippedwith two main instruments, the Large Area Telescope (LAT) and the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor(GBM…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858504","author":"Alberto Ulgiati","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-12T12:36:35.648Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Axion QED as a Lattice Gauge Theory and Non-Invertible Symmetry","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858250","content":"We investigate the non-invertible symmetry associated with chiral symmetry in axion quantum electrodynamics (QED) using the modified Villain formulation. In axion QED, it is known that naive magnetic objects such as \'t Hooft loops and axion strings lose their gauge invariance due to the violation of the Bianchi identity for the field strength of the photon or \\"field strength\\" of the axion. First, we construct the action of axion QED on the square lattice, which is more intricate than its counterpart in the continuum theory. We then observe the breaking of gauge invariance. Subsequently, we construct gauge-invariant magnetic objects by introducing new degrees of freedom localized at the positions of the magnetic objects. Furthermore, we explicitly compute the response of the magnetic objects under the action of the non-invertible symmetry operator constructed in Ref. [1]. In this analysis, we employ a method different from the so-called half-space gauging, which is the standard method to study non-invertible symmetries.","description":"We investigate the non-invertible symmetry associated with chiral symmetry in axion quantum electrodynamics (QED) using the modified Villain formulation. In axion QED, it is known that naive magnetic objects such as \'t Hooft loops and axion strings lose their gauge invariance due…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858250","author":"Yamato Honda (Kyushu U., Fukuoka (main)), Onoda Soma (Kyushu U., Fukuoka (main)), Hiroshi Suzuki (Kyushu U., Fukuoka (main))","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-12T04:08:49.434Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Spectral properties of pseudo-scalar mesons through the QCD chiral crossover","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858248","content":"We summarise recent progress towards the non-perturbative determination of thermal spectral functions for pseudo-scalar mesons in QCD by exploiting constraints imposed by micro-causality at finite temperature. For temperatures not much above the vacuum particle mass, continuous contributions from scattering, Landau damping and collective excitations are found to be negligible. This allows for a quantitative description of spatial and temporal lattice correlators in terms of thermoparticles, i.e.~vacuum excitations modified by medium effects, with resonance-like structures persisting for a range above the chiral crossover.","description":"We summarise recent progress towards the non-perturbative determination of thermal spectral functions for pseudo-scalar mesons in QCD by exploiting constraints imposed by micro-causality at finite temperature. For temperatures not much above the vacuum particle mass, continuous…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858248","author":"Peter Lowdon (Frankfurt U.), Owe Philipsen (Frankfurt U., NIC, Zeuthen)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-12T04:08:39.690Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Mirror Symmetry Breaking Disclosed in the Decay of Three-Proton Emitter 20Al","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858247","content":"The previously-unknown nucleus 20Al has been observed for the first time by detecting its in-flight decays. Tracking trajectories of all decay products with silicon micro-strip detectors allowed for a conclusion that 20Al is unbound with respect to three-proton (3p) emission. The 3p-decay energy of 20Al ground state has been determined to be 1.93(+0.11,-0.09) MeV through a detailed study of angular correlations of its decay products, 17Ne+p+p+p. This value is much smaller in comparison with the predictions inferred from the isospin symmetry by using the known energy of its mirror nucleus 20N, which indicates a possible mirror symmetry violation in the structure of 3p emitters. Such an isospin symmetry breaking is supported by the calculations of the continuum embedded theoretical frameworks, describing the observed 20Al ground state as an 1p s-wave state with a spin-parity of 1-, which contradicts to the spin-parity (2-) of the 20N ground state. The 20Al ground state decays by sequential 1p-2p emission via intermediate ground state of 19Mg, which is the first observed case of daughter two-proton radioactivity following 1p decay of the parent state.","description":"The previously-unknown nucleus 20Al has been observed for the first time by detecting its in-flight decays. Tracking trajectories of all decay products with silicon micro-strip detectors allowed for a conclusion that 20Al is unbound with respect to three-proton (3p) emission. The…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858247","author":"X.-D. Xu, I. Mukha, J.G. Li, S.M. Wang, L. Acosta, M. Bajzek, E. Casarejos, D. Cortina-Gil, J.M. Espino, A. Fomichev, H. Geissel, J. Gomez-Camacho, L.V. Grigorenko, O. Kiselev, A.A. Korsheninnikov, D. Kostyleva, N. Kurz, Yu.A. Litvinov, I. Martel, C. Nociforo, M. Pfutzner, C. Rodrıguez-Tajes, C. Scheidenberger, M. Stanoiu, K. Suemmerer, H. Weick, P.J. Woods, M.V. Zhukov","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-12T04:08:34.887Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Minimum length metric and horizon area variation","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858110","content":"Most of the efforts in unifying general relativity and quantum mechanics come out with\\ntwo consequences: the presence of a minimum length scale and the non-locality of the\\nspacetime at small scale. The qmetric, or minimum length metric, is a bitensor (it embodies non-locality) acting as a renormalized metric tensor with a minimum length built\\nin: at large scale it approximates the classical metric tensor while the more we approach\\nsmall scales the more the effects of the presence of a minimum length are relevant. After\\na review of the general description we construct the qmetric explicitly for Euclidean space\\nand Minkowski spacetime, studying what happens to the area and volume elements of a\\ngeodesic congruence cross section. The relevant result is the presence of an irreducible\\nminimum area for the cross section of a geodesic congruence emanating from a point:\\nwe can give a notion of a transverse area around any event of the spacetime upholding\\npast results in literature. We exploit this result in the context of black hole horizon\\narea variation, in the approximation such that the flat description can be used locally,\\nshowing that the qmetric proves that the presence of a minimum length brings with it a\\nminimum step of area variation, i.e. a quantum of area.","description":"Most of the efforts in unifying general relativity and quantum mechanics come out with two consequences: the presence of a minimum length scale and the non-locality of the spacetime at small scale. The qmetric, or minimum length metric, is a bitensor (it embodies non-locality…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858110","author":"Aldo Perri","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-11T08:39:03.766Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Gauge-Invariant Mechanism for Mass Generation and Flavor Mixing in Four-Dimensional Spacetime","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858106","content":"We propose a novel theoretical framework within four-dimensional spacetime that addresses the fermion mass hierarchy and flavor mixing in the Standard Model (SM) without invoking extra dimensions or supersymmetry. By introducing a local horizontal (flavor) gauge symmetry group G_F equals U(1)_F and scalar fields that transform under this symmetry, we develop a mechanism where the hierarchical masses of fermions and the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements arise naturally from the spontaneous breaking of G_F. We provide a detailed analysis of anomaly cancellation conditions, ensuring that the model is free from gauge anomalies. To avoid the appearance of unwanted massless Goldstone bosons, we employ the Stueckelberg mechanism and discuss the physical origin of symmetry-breaking terms. We perform explicit calculations of flavor-changing neutral currents (FCNCs) and demonstrate that they are suppressed to levels consistent with experimental constraints without fine-tuning parameters. Our model offers predictive power by naturally determining the parameters responsible for mass hierarchies and mixing angles. We compare our framework with existing flavor symmetry models, highlighting its unique features and advantages. The model makes specific, testable predictions that can be explored in current and future experiments, potentially offering new insights into the fundamental structure of matter.","description":"We propose a novel theoretical framework within four-dimensional spacetime that addresses the fermion mass hierarchy and flavor mixing in the Standard Model (SM) without invoking extra dimensions or supersymmetry. By introducing a local horizontal (flavor) gauge symmetry group G…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2858106","author":"Yuta Agawa","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-11T08:38:00.688Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Implementation and investigation of electron-nucleus scattering in NEUT neutrino event generator","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857778","content":"Understanding nuclear effects is essential for improving the sensitivity of neutrino oscillation measurements. Validating nuclear models solely through neutrino scattering data is challenging due to limited statistics and the broad energy spectrum of neutrinos. In contrast, electron scattering experiments provide abundant high-precision data with various monochromatic energies and angles. Since both neutrinos and electrons interact via electroweak interactions, the same nuclear models can be applied to simulate both interactions. Thus, high-precision electron scattering data is essential for validating the nuclear models used in neutrino experiments. To enable this, the author has newly implemented electron scattering in the \\\\texttt{NEUT} neutrino event generator, covering two interaction modes: quasielastic (QE) and single pion production. \\\\texttt{NEUT} predictions of QE agree well with numerical calculations, supporting the validity of this implementation. From comparisons with \\\\texttt{NEUT} predictions and inclusive electron scattering data, the momentum-dependent binding energy correction is derived, corresponding to effects beyond the plane wave impulse approximation. The impact of this correction on neutrino interactions is also evaluated. Significant differences in charged lepton kinematics are observed, with approximately 20 MeV of peak shift in the reconstructed neutrino energy distribution, which is important for accurately measuring neutrino oscillation parameters. It is expected to serve as a foundation for future discussions on electron scattering using \\\\texttt{NEUT}.","description":"Understanding nuclear effects is essential for improving the sensitivity of neutrino oscillation measurements. Validating nuclear models solely through neutrino scattering data is challenging due to limited statistics and the broad energy spectrum of neutrinos. In contrast…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857778","author":"Seisho Abe (Kamioka Observ.)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-11T04:12:37.107Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"New calculation of the geo-neutrino energy spectrum and its implication","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857777","content":"The energy spectrum of geo-neutrinos plays a vital role in the experimental measurement of geo-neutrinos that have profound implications for both particle physics and earth sciences. In this letter, we present a state-of-the-art calculation of the energy spectrum of geo-neutrinos originating from the beta decay of Uranium-238 and Thorium-232. Our calculation is underpinned by the latest updates in the nuclear database, accounts for previously overlooked forbidden transitions, and incorporates advanced corrections for the beta decay. This brand new geo-neutrino flux model, compared to the widely-used estimates from Enomoto~\\\\cite{Enomoto}, reveals notable distinction in the energy spectrum shape because of our comprehensive approach. When considering the inverse beta decay (IBD) detection process, our findings show a significant deviation in the predicted IBD yield of around 4% for Uranium-238 and 9% for Thorium-232 decay chains. The implications of using the new geo-neutrino flux model for the experimental analysis are substantial, potentially affecting the analysis results of geo-neutrino measurements of KamLAND and Borexino by around 10% to 20%.","description":"The energy spectrum of geo-neutrinos plays a vital role in the experimental measurement of geo-neutrinos that have profound implications for both particle physics and earth sciences. In this letter, we present a state-of-the-art calculation of the energy spectrum of geo-neutrinos…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857777","author":"Yu-Feng Li, Zhao Xin","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-11T04:11:54.543Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Scale Separation, Strong Coupling UV Phases, and the Identification of the Edge of the Conformal Window","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857774","content":"We use a simple holographic model to discuss approaching the edge of the conformal window in strongly coupled gauge theories to draw lessons for lattice studies. Walking gauge theories have a gap between the scale where they enter the strong coupling regime and the scale of chiral symmetry breaking. We highlight that there can also be a gap between the scale where the critical value of the quark anti-quark operator\'s anomalous dimension is passed and the scale of the condensate. This potentially makes identifying the edge of the conformal window in a lattice simulation with UV bare coupling below the fixed point value on a finite lattice difficult. A resolution is to study the theory with a coupling above the fixed point value at the UV cut off. Here we show that an ``artefact\\" phase with chiral symmetry breaking triggered at the UV cut off exists and lies arbitrarily close to the fixed point at the edge of the conformal window. We quantify the chance of a misidentification of a chiral symmetry breaking theory as IR conformal. We also quantify where the artefact phase lies, tuned to the fixed point value. We use the latest lattice results for SU(3) gauge theory with ten quark flavours in [Hasenfratz:2023wbr] as a test case; we conclude their identification that the theory is in the conformal window is reliable.","description":"We use a simple holographic model to discuss approaching the edge of the conformal window in strongly coupled gauge theories to draw lessons for lattice studies. Walking gauge theories have a gap between the scale where they enter the strong coupling regime and the scale of…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857774","author":"Anja Alfano (U. Southampton (main)), Nick Evans (U. Southampton (main))","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-11T04:10:49.924Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Investigation of $\\\\pi N$ contributions to nucleon matrix elements","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857773","content":"We investigate an improved method to extract nucleon matrix elements from lattice 3-point functions using a generalized eigenvalue problem (GEVP) with nucleon and pion-nucleon interpolating fields. Our method avoids the computation of the costly three-point functions that have pion-nucleon interpolators at both source and sink. We demonstrate that excited state contamination from $N\\\\pi$ is minimized in nucleon matrix elements of the scalar, vector, pseudoscalar, axial, and tensor currents and discuss our results based on a physical-point ensemble with a pion mass value of 131 MeV. We find that the GEVP is most significant for the isovector pseudoscalar and axial currents.","description":"We investigate an improved method to extract nucleon matrix elements from lattice 3-point functions using a generalized eigenvalue problem (GEVP) with nucleon and pion-nucleon interpolating fields. Our method avoids the computation of the costly three-point functions that have…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857773","author":"Constantia Alexandrou, Giannis Koutsou, Yan Li, Marcus Petschlies, Ferenc Pittler","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-11T04:10:36.254Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Exploring $ \\\\Lambda{\\\\text-} $ and $ \\\\Xi{\\\\text -}$triton correlation functions in heavy-ion collisions","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857772","content":"In this work, $ \\\\Lambda{\\\\text -} $triton(t) momentum correlation functions, to be measured in high-energy heavy-ion collisions, are explored. Mainly, STAR detector acquired data for Au+Au collisions at $ \\\\sqrt{s_{NN}} =3 $ GeV provides an opportunity to explore the $ \\\\Lambda t $ correlation function. A Kurihara\'s isle-type and spin-averaged $ \\\\Lambda t $ potential is employed. The strengths of $\\\\Lambda t$ potential is tuned in a such way to reproduce the experimental ground state energy of $_{\\\\Lambda}^{4}H$$ \\\\left(\\\\Lambda+t\\\\right) $. Since the new measurements by the STAR Collaboration present a significant increase in the $\\\\Lambda$ binding energy of the hypertriton and $_{\\\\Lambda}^{4}H$ hypernuclei, I investigate the sensitivity of correlation function by strengthen the $\\\\Lambda t$ potential. Besides, even though there is no experimental data on the $ \\\\Xi{\\\\text -} $triton interaction yet, an estimate of its momentum correlation functions by taking $ \\\\Xi{\\\\text -} $triton potential from the literature is given.","description":"In this work, $ \\\\Lambda{\\\\text -} $triton(t) momentum correlation functions, to be measured in high-energy heavy-ion collisions, are explored. Mainly, STAR detector acquired data for Au+Au collisions at $ \\\\sqrt{s_{NN}} =3 $ GeV provides an opportunity to explore the $ \\\\Lambda t…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857772","author":"Faisal Etminan","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-11T04:09:51.121Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Observation of impurity-induced scale-free localization in a disordered non-Hermitian electrical circuit","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857690","content":"One of unique features of non-Hermitian systems is the extreme sensitive to their boundary conditions, e.g., the emergence of non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) under the open boundary conditions, where most of bulk states become localized at the boundaries. In the presence of impurities, the scale-free localization can appear, which is qualitatively distinct from the NHSE. Here, we experimentally design a disordered non-Hermitian electrical circuits in the presence of a single non-Hermitian impurity and the nonreciprocal hopping. We observe the anomalous scale-free accumulation of eigenstates, opposite to the bulk hopping direction. The experimental results open the door to further explore the anomalous skin effects in non-Hermitian electrical circuits.
","description":"One of unique features of non-Hermitian systems is the extreme sensitive to their boundary conditions, e.g., the emergence of non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) under the open boundary conditions, where most of bulk states become localized at the boundaries. In the presence of…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857690","author":"Hao Wang, Jin Liu, Tao Liu, Wenbo Ju","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-10T13:28:14.387Z","media":null,"categories":["non-Hermitian","scale-free localization","electrical circuit","non-Hermitian skin effect"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Anyonic topological flat bands","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857689","content":"Topological flat bands have attracted significant interest across various branches of physics, where synthetic gauge fields are typically considered an essential prerequisite. Numerous mechanisms have been proposed for implementing these fields, including magnetic fields on electrons, differential optical paths for photons, and strain-induced effective magnetic fields, among others. In this work, we introduce a novel approach to generating synthetic gauge fields through quantum statistics and demonstrate their effectiveness in realizing anyonic topological flat bands. Notably, we discover that a pair of strongly interacting anyons can induce square-root topological flat bands within a lattice model that remains dispersive and topologically trivial for a single particle. To validate our theoretical predictions, we experimentally simulate the quantum statistics-induced topological flat bands and square-root topological boundary states by mapping the eigenstates of two anyons onto modes in electric circuits. Our findings not only open a new pathway for creating topological flat bands but also deepen our understanding of anyonic physics and the underlying principles of flat-band topology.
","description":"Topological flat bands have attracted significant interest across various branches of physics, where synthetic gauge fields are typically considered an essential prerequisite. Numerous mechanisms have been proposed for implementing these fields, including magnetic fields on…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857689","author":"Xiaoqi Zhou, Weixuan Zhang, Xiangdong Zhang","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-10T13:28:08.526Z","media":null,"categories":["topological flat bands","anyons","quantum statistics","topolectrical circuits"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Technique for studying the coalescence of eigenstates and eigenvalues in non-Hermitian systems","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857687","content":"In our study, we explore high-order exceptional points (EPs), which are crucial for enhancing the sensitivity of open physical systems to external changes. We utilize the Hilbert−Schmidt speed (HSS), a measure of quantum statistical speed, to accurately identify EPs in non-Hermitian systems. These points are characterized by the simultaneous coalescence of eigenvalues and their associated eigenstates. One of the main benefits of using HSS is that it eliminates the need to diagonalize the evolved density matrix, simplifying the identification process. Our method is shown to be effective even in complex, multi-dimensional and interacting Hamiltonian systems. In certain cases, a generalized evolved state may be employed over the conventional normalized state. This necessitates the use of a metric operator to define the inner product between states, thereby introducing additional complexity. Our research confirms that HSS is a reliable and practical tool for detecting EPs, even in these demanding situations.
","description":"In our study, we explore high-order exceptional points (EPs), which are crucial for enhancing the sensitivity of open physical systems to external changes. We utilize the Hilbert−Schmidt speed (HSS), a measure of quantum statistical speed, to accurately identify EPs in non…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857687","author":"Seyed Mohammad Hosseiny, Hossein Rangani Jahromi, Babak Farajollahi, Mahdi Amniat-Talab","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-10T13:28:04.986Z","media":null,"categories":["non-Hermitian physics","exceptional points","Hilbert−Schmidt speed","quantum statistical speed"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Splitter engineering through optimizing topological adiababtic passage","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857686","content":"Topologically protected states are important in realizing robust optical behaviors that are quite insensitive to local defects or perturbations, which provide a promising solution for robust photonic integrations. Here, we propose to implement fast topological beam splitters and routers via the adiabatic passage of edge and interface states in the cross-linking configuration of Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) chains with interface defects. The channel state does not immerse into the band continuum during the adiabatic cycle, making the adiabatic restriction less stringent and the transport process more efficient. Based on the accelerated topological pumping, the beam splitters and routers exhibit improved robustness against losses of the system yet degraded resilience to fluctuation of coupling strengths and on-site energies compared with the conventional topological splitting and routing schemes. In addition, we confirm that the model demonstrates good scalability when the system size is varied. The simulation results of topological beam splitting in coupled waveguide arrays are in good consistency with theoretical analysis. This topological design provides a robust way to control photons, which may suggest further application of topological devices with unique properties and functionalities for integrated photonics.
","description":"Topologically protected states are important in realizing robust optical behaviors that are quite insensitive to local defects or perturbations, which provide a promising solution for robust photonic integrations. Here, we propose to implement fast topological beam splitters and…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857686","author":"Jia-Ning Zhang, Jin-Lei Wu, Cheng Lv, Jiabao Yao, Jie Song, Yong-Yuan Jiang","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-10T13:27:59.566Z","media":null,"categories":["topological effects in photonic systems","Su−Schrieffer−Heeger","topological photonics","waveguides"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Complete hyperentangled state analysis using high-dimensional entanglement","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857606","content":"In this paper, we present a novel method for the complete analysis of maximally hyperentangled state of photon system in two degrees of freedom (DOFs), resorting to the auxiliary high-dimensional entanglement in the third DOF. This method not only can be used for complete hyperentangled Bell state analysis of two-photon system, but also can be suitable for complete hyperentangled Greenberger−Horne−Zeilinger (GHZ) state analysis of three-photon system, and can be extended to the complete N-photon hyperentangled GHZ state analysis. In our approach, the parity information of hyperentanglement is determined via the measurement on evolved auxiliary high-dimensional entanglement, and the relative phase information of hyperentanglement is determined via the projective measurement. Moreover, this approach can be accomplished by just using linear optics, and is significant for the investigation of photonic hyperentangled state analysis.
","description":"In this paper, we present a novel method for the complete analysis of maximally hyperentangled state of photon system in two degrees of freedom (DOFs), resorting to the auxiliary high-dimensional entanglement in the third DOF. This method not only can be used for complete…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857606","author":"Zhi Zeng","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-10T12:15:06.673Z","media":null,"categories":["hyperentangled state analysis","high-dimensional entanglement","GHZ state"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Quantum teleportation and remote sensing through semiconductor quantum dots affected by pure dephasing","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857598","content":"Quantum teleportation allows the transmission of quantum states over arbitrary distances and is an applied tool in quantum computation and communication. This paper theoretically addresses the feasibility of quantum teleportation based on a single semiconductor quantum dot influenced by pure dephasing through the biexciton cascade decay. We also investigate the idea of remote sensing in quantum teleportation affected by pure dephasing. In particular, we compare the quality of quantum teleportation in single- and two-qubit schemes and show that, within the present model, single-qubit quantum teleportation has a quantum advantage. Finally, to investigate the dynamics of the system, we introduce important witnesses of the non-Markovian dynamics of the system, so that our results may solve outstanding problems in the realization of faithful quantum teleportation over a long time.
","description":"Quantum teleportation allows the transmission of quantum states over arbitrary distances and is an applied tool in quantum computation and communication. This paper theoretically addresses the feasibility of quantum teleportation based on a single semiconductor quantum dot…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857598","author":"Seyed Mohammad Hosseiny (Vali-e-Asr U., Rafsanjan), Jamileh Seyed-Yazdi (Vali-e-Asr U., Rafsanjan), Milad Norouzi (Vali-e-Asr U., Rafsanjan)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-10T12:10:01.349Z","media":null,"categories":["quantum teleportation","semiconductor quantum dots","quantum phase estimation","remote sensing"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Investigating the underlying structure of vector hidden-charm tetraquark states via their electromagnetic characteristics","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857282","content":"Accessing a full picture of the internal structure of hadrons would be a key topic of hadron physics, with the main motivation to study the strong interaction binding the visible matter. Furthermore, the underlying structure of known exotic states remains an unresolved fundamental issue in hadron physics, which is currently being addressed by hadron physics community. It is well known that electromagnetic characteristics can serve as a distinguishing feature for states whose internal structures are complex and not yet fully understood. The aim of this study is to determine the magnetic moments of vector hidden-charm tetraquark states by making use of QCD light-cone sum rules. In order to achieve this objective, the states mentioned above are considered in terms of the diquark-antidiquark structure. Subsequently, a comprehensive examination is conducted, with four distinct interpolating currents being given particular consideration, as these have the potential to couple with the aforementioned states. It has been observed that there are considerable discrepancies between the magnetic moment results extracted employing different diquark-antidiquark structures. Such a prediction may be interpreted as the possibility of more than one tetraquark with the identical quantum numbers and similar quark constituents, but with different magnetic moments. The numerical predictions yielded have led to the conclusion that the magnetic moments of the vector hidden-charm tetraquark states are capable of projecting the inner structure of these states, which may then be used to determine their quark-gluon structure and quantum numbers. In order to provide a comprehensive analysis, the individual quark contributions to the magnetic moments are also examined.","description":"Accessing a full picture of the internal structure of hadrons would be a key topic of hadron physics, with the main motivation to study the strong interaction binding the visible matter. Furthermore, the underlying structure of known exotic states remains an unresolved…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857282","author":"U. Özdem (Istanbul Aydin U.)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-10T04:12:18.522Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Estimating theoretical uncertainties of the two-nucleon observables by using backpropagation","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857278","content":"We present a novel approach to calculate theoretical uncertainties in few-nucleon calculations that makes use of automatic differentiation. We demonstrate this method in deuteron bound state and nucleon - nucleon scattering calculations. Backpropagation, implemented in the Python pytorch library, is used to calculate the gradients with respect to model parameters and propagate errors from these parameters to the deuteron binding energy and selected phase-shift parameters. The uncertainty values obtained using this approach are validated by directly sampling from the potential parameters. We find very good agreement between two ways of estimating that uncertainty.","description":"We present a novel approach to calculate theoretical uncertainties in few-nucleon calculations that makes use of automatic differentiation. We demonstrate this method in deuteron bound state and nucleon - nucleon scattering calculations. Backpropagation, implemented in the Python…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857278","author":"K. Topolnicki, R. Skibiński, J. Golak","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-10T04:11:07.173Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Prediction of an $I(J^{P})=0(1^{-})$$\\\\bar{b}\\\\bar{b}ud$ Tetraquark Resonance Close to the $B^\\\\ast B^\\\\ast$ Threshold Using Lattice QCD Potentials","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857277","content":"We use antistatic-antistatic potentials computed with lattice QCD and a coupled-channel Born-Oppenheimer approach to explore the existence of a $\\\\bar{b} \\\\bar{b} u d$ tetraquark resonance with quantum numbers $I(J^P) = 0(1^-)$. A pole in the $\\\\mbox{T}$ matrix signals a resonance with mass $m = 2 m_B + 94.0^{+1.3}_{-5.4} \\\\, \\\\text{MeV}$ and decay width $\\\\Gamma = 140^{+86}_{-66} \\\\, \\\\text{MeV}$, i.e. very close to the $B^\\\\ast B^\\\\ast$ threshold. We also compute branching ratios, which clearly indicate that this resonance is mainly composed of a $B^\\\\ast B^\\\\ast$ meson pair with a significantly smaller $B B$ contribution. By varying the potential matrix responsible for the coupling of the $B B$ and the $B^\\\\ast B^\\\\ast$ channel as well as the $b$ quark mass, we provide additional insights and understanding concerning the formation and existence of the resonance. We also comment on the importance of our findings and the main takeaways for a possible future full lattice QCD investigation of this $I(J^P) = 0(1^-)$$\\\\bar{b} \\\\bar{b} u d$ tetraquark resonance.","description":"We use antistatic-antistatic potentials computed with lattice QCD and a coupled-channel Born-Oppenheimer approach to explore the existence of a $\\\\bar{b} \\\\bar{b} u d$ tetraquark resonance with quantum numbers $I(J^P) = 0(1^-)$. A pole in the $\\\\mbox{T}$ matrix signals a resonance…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857277","author":"Jakob Hoffmann (Frankfurt U.), Marc Wagner (Frankfurt U., Helmholtz Res. Acad. Hesse for FAIR)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-10T04:11:04.425Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"The Roberge-Weiss endpoint in $(2+1)$-flavor QCD with background magnetic fields","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857271","content":"In this work we discuss our preliminary results regarding the so-called Roberge-Weiss (RW) transition, which is found for imaginary values of the baryon chemical potential, in the presence of a background magnetic field. We perform lattice QCD simulations on $N_t = 6, 8$ lattices with $2+1$ flavors of stout-staggered fermions at physical quark masses and the tree-level Symanzik improved gauge action. We determine the location the RW endpoint at finite magnetic fields and we study the order of the transition.","description":"In this work we discuss our preliminary results regarding the so-called Roberge-Weiss (RW) transition, which is found for imaginary values of the baryon chemical potential, in the presence of a background magnetic field. We perform lattice QCD simulations on $N_t = 6, 8$ lattices…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857271","author":"Kevin Zambello, Massimo D\'Elia, Lorenzo Maio, Giuseppe Zanichelli","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-10T04:10:09.067Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Determining Absolute Neutrino Mass using Quantum Technologies","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857265","content":"Next generation tritium decay experiments to determine the absolute neutrino mass require high-precision measurements of $\\\\beta$-decay electron energies close to the kinematic end point. To achieve this, the development of high phase-space density sources of atomic tritium is required, along with the implementation of methods to control the motion of these atoms to allow extended observation times. A promising approach to efficiently and accurately measure the kinetic energies of individual $\\\\beta$-decay electrons generated in these dilute atomic gases, is to determine the frequency of the cyclotron radiation they emit in a precisely characterised magnetic field. This cyclotron radiation emission spectroscopy (CRES) technique can benefit from recent developments in quantum technologies. Absolute static-field magnetometry and electrometry, which is essential for the precise determination of the electron kinetic energies from the frequency of their emitted cyclotron radiation, can be performed using atoms in superpositions of circular Rydberg states. Quantum-limited microwave amplifiers will allow precise cyclotron frequency measurements to be made with maximal signal-to-noise ratios and minimal observation times. Exploiting the opportunities offered by quantum technologies in these key areas, represents the core activity of the Quantum Technologies for Neutrino Mass (QTNM) project. Its goal is to develop a new experimental apparatus that can enable a determination of the absolute neutrino mass with a sensitivity on the order of 10~meV/$c^2$.","description":"Next generation tritium decay experiments to determine the absolute neutrino mass require high-precision measurements of $\\\\beta$-decay electron energies close to the kinematic end point. To achieve this, the development of high phase-space density sources of atomic tritium is…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857265","author":"A.A.S. Amad (Swansea U.), F.F. Deppisch (University Coll. London), M. Fleck (University Coll. London), J. Gallop (Teddington, Natl. Phys. Lab), T. Goffrey (Warwick U.), L. Hao (Teddington, Natl. Phys. Lab), N. Higginbotham (University Coll. London), S.D. Hogan (University Coll. London), S.B. Jones (University Coll. London), L. Li (Swansea U.), N. McConkey (Queen Mary, U. of London), V. Monachello (University Coll. London), R. Nichol (University Coll. London), J.A. Potter (Teddington, Natl. Phys. Lab), Y. Ramachers (Warwick U.), R. Saakyan (University Coll. London), E. Sedzielewski, D. Swinnock (University Coll. London, Warwick U.), D. Waters (University Coll. London), S. Withington (Oxford U.), S. Zhao (Oxford U.), J. Zou (University Coll. London)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-10T04:09:55.175Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Determination of the pseudoscalar decay constant from SU(2) with two fundamental flavors","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857264","content":"The SU(2) gauge group with two fundamental flavors is a candidate for a composite Higgs extension of the Standard Model. Central to Higgs phenomenology is a non-perturbative determination of observables of the theory, such as the decay constant of the pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone Bosons. We present preliminary results for the continuum limit of the pseudoscalar decay constant using a mixed-action setup, with non-perturbatively improved stabilized Wilson Fermions on the sea, and maximally twisted valence quarks. Pivotal to this study is the recent porting of our simulation suite HiRep to GPU architecture.","description":"The SU(2) gauge group with two fundamental flavors is a candidate for a composite Higgs extension of the Standard Model. Central to Higgs phenomenology is a non-perturbative determination of observables of the theory, such as the decay constant of the pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857264","author":"Laurence Sebastian Bowes, Vincent Drach, Patrick Fritzsch, Sofie Martins, Antonio Rago, Fernando Romero-López","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-10T04:09:49.618Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Study of symmetries in finite temperature $N_f=2$ QCD with Möbius Domain Wall Fermions","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857260","content":"We report on the ongoing study of symmetry of $N_f=2$ QCD around the critical temperature. Our simulations of $N_f = 2$ QCD employ the Möbius domain-wall fermion action with residual mass $\\\\sim 1\\\\mbox{MeV}$ or less, maintaining a good chiral symmetry. Using the screening masses from the two point spatial correlators we compare the mass difference between channels connected through various symmetry transformations. Our analysis focuses on restoration of the $SU(2)_L\\\\times SU(2)_R$ as well as anomalously broken axial $U(1)_A$. We also present additional study of a potential $SU(2)_{CS}$ symmetry which may emerge at sufficiently high temperatures.","description":"We report on the ongoing study of symmetry of $N_f=2$ QCD around the critical temperature. Our simulations of $N_f = 2$ QCD employ the Möbius domain-wall fermion action with residual mass $\\\\sim 1\\\\mbox{MeV}$ or less, maintaining a good chiral symmetry. Using the screening masses…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857260","author":"David Ward, Sinya Aoki, Yasumichi Aoki, Hidenori Fukaya, Shoji Hashimoto, Issaku Kanamori, Takashi Kaneko, Jishnu Goswami, Yu Zhang","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-10T04:08:43.046Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Multigrid low-mode averaging","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857259","content":"We develop a generalization of low-mode averaging in which the number of low quark modes of the Dirac operator required for a constant variance reduction can be kept independent of the volume by exploiting their local coherence. Typically in lattice QCD simulations, the benefit of translation averaging quark propagators over the space-time volume is spoiled by large fluctuations introduced by the approximations needed to estimate the average. For quark-line connected diagrams at large separations, most of this additional variance can be efficiently suppressed by the introduction of hierarchical subspaces, thanks to the reduced size of the coarse grid operators that act within the subspaces. In this work, we investigate the contributions to the variance of the isovector vector current correlator with $N_{\\\\mathrm f}=2$ non-perturbatively $\\\\mathrm O(a)$-improved Wilson fermions on lattices approximately of size $L=2,3$ and $4$$\\\\mathrm {fm}$. The numerical results obtained confirm that the variance decreases as the volume is increased when a multigrid decomposition is used with a fixed number of low modes. While the proposed decomposition can be applied to any quark propagator, it is expected to be especially effective for quark-line connected diagrams at large separations, for example, the isovector contribution to the hadronic vacuum polarization or baryonic correlators.","description":"We develop a generalization of low-mode averaging in which the number of low quark modes of the Dirac operator required for a constant variance reduction can be kept independent of the volume by exploiting their local coherence. Typically in lattice QCD simulations, the benefit…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857259","author":"Roman Gruber (Zurich, ETH), Tim Harris (Zurich, ETH), Marina Krstic Marinkovic (Zurich, ETH)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-10T04:08:16.588Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Hawking radiation with pure states","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857207","content":"Hawking’s seminal work on black hole radiation highlights a critical issue in our understanding of quantum field theory in curved spacetime (QFTCS), specifically the problem of unitarity loss (where pure states evolve into mixed states). In this paper, we examine a recent proposal for a direct-sum QFTCS, which maintains unitarity through a novel quantization method that employs geometric superselection rules based on discrete spacetime transformations. This approach describes a quantum state in terms of components that evolve within geometric superselection sectors of the complete Hilbert space, adhering to the discrete symmetries of a Schwarzschild black hole. Consequently, it represents a maximally entangled pure state as a direct-sum of two components in the interior and exterior regions of the black hole, thereby preserving the unitarity of Hawking radiation by keeping it in the form of pure states.","description":"Hawking’s seminal work on black hole radiation highlights a critical issue in our understanding of quantum field theory in curved spacetime (QFTCS), specifically the problem of unitarity loss (where pure states evolve into mixed states). In this paper, we examine a recent…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857207","author":"K.Sravan Kumar (Portsmouth U., ICG), João Marto (Porto U.)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-09T17:05:36.794Z","media":null,"categories":["Quantum field theory in curved spacetime","Black holes","Hawking radiation","Quantum gravity"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Impact of a hybrid coating REBCO-CC-Cu to the resistive wall beam impedance of the FCC-hh beam screen","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857205","content":"The Future Circular Hadron Collider design studies proposed a novel dual chamber beam screen consisting of copper and stainless steel. However, one concern about the current design is the inherent resistive wall beam impedance of the beam screen, which may not be low enough to guarantee stable beam operation especially critical on the vertical plane. In order to reduce the resistive wall beam impedance as much as possible while keeping the dipole field quality within specifications, a hybrid beam screen consisting of REBCO-CC and Cu is proposed for the inner chamber of the beam screen. We performed a comprehensive position and REBCO-CC content study, leading to an optimum configuration for a REBCO-CC-Cu hybrid design. These studies utilized measured values of REBCO-CC surface impedance obtained under realistic FCC-hh conditions. The calculations were carried out by combining numerical simulations and beam coupling impedance theory for general beam pipe cross sections, where we found a substantial decrease in the vertical resistive wall beam impedance by about an order of magnitude compared to the nominal beam screen design made of copper. Limitations of the proposed design and possible mitigation actions are also discussed.","description":"The Future Circular Hadron Collider design studies proposed a novel dual chamber beam screen consisting of copper and stainless steel. However, one concern about the current design is the inherent resistive wall beam impedance of the beam screen, which may not be low enough to…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857205","author":"Nikki Tagdulang (CELLS - ALBA, LLS, Barcelona, Polytechnic U.), Thomas Günzel (CELLS - ALBA, LLS), Patrick Krkotić (CERN), Sergio Calatroni (CERN), Juan Manuel O’Callaghan (Barcelona, Polytechnic U.), Montse Pont (CELLS - ALBA, LLS)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-09T17:05:00.923Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Quadratic quantum speedup for perceptron training","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857204","content":"Perceptrons, which perform binary classification, are the fundamental building blocks of neural networks. Given a data set of size and margin (how well the given data are separated), the query complexity of the best-known quantum training algorithm scales as either or , which is achieved by a hybrid of classical and quantum search. In this paper, we improve the version space quantum training method for perceptrons such that the query complexity of our algorithm scales as . This is achieved by constructing an oracle for the perceptrons using quantum counting of the number of data elements that are correctly classified. Once such an oracle is constructed, bounded-error quantum search can be used to search over the hyperplane instances. The optimality of our algorithm is proven by reducing the evaluation of a two-level and-or tree (for which the query complexity lower bound is known) to a multicriterion search. Our quantum training algorithm can be generalized to train more complex machine learning models such as neural networks, which are built on a large number of perceptrons.","description":"Perceptrons, which perform binary classification, are the fundamental building blocks of neural networks. Given a data set of size N and margin γ (how well the given data are separated), the query complexity of the best-known quantum training algorithm scales as either (N/γ2)log(…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857204","author":"Pengcheng Liao (Calgary U.), Barry C. Sanders (Calgary U.), Tim Byrnes (East China Normal U., NYU Shanghai, New York U., New York U., Abu Dhabi)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-09T17:04:41.913Z","media":null,"categories":null,"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Systematic literature review on quantum applications in nanotechnology","url":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857202","content":"The review of progress in quantum computing (QC) is very pertinent nowadays. There is a remarkable challenge in terms of the contributions that this field can provide at the level of improvements in computing time, but perhaps more importantly, in terms of how to rethink the way in which many of the current problems can be approached. Thus, the objective of this work is a systematic literature review that basically revolves around two questions: How does nanoassembled technology affect quantum computing? And what advantages does quantum computing offer to the advancement of nanotechnology? Therefore, this work analyzes how the advance of quantum computing has been influenced by nanotechnology and vice versa, and how quantum computing affects nanotechnology itself. In this way, this article clarifies the paths at which nanotechnology and quantum computing are connected on the route to future technologies in society. In conclusion, we found out that nanotechnology is crucial for the advancement of QC due to the quantumness stands in the nanometric size and the QC-based industry relies on the solid physics state nanoassembly, while on the other hand, QC significantly increases the performance of nanotransistors, imprint better sensibility features on nanosensors, among other things.","description":"The review of progress in quantum computing (QC) is very pertinent nowadays. There is a remarkable challenge in terms of the contributions that this field can provide at the level of improvements in computing time, but perhaps more importantly, in terms of how to rethink the way…","guid":"https://inspirehep.net/literature/2857202","author":"A.Lopez Pacheco (Andes U., Merida), J. Aguilar (Andes U., Merida, Medellin U., Vrije U., Brussels)","authorUrl":null,"authorAvatar":null,"publishedAt":"2024-12-09T17:04:34.387Z","media":null,"categories":["Nanotechnology","Quantum computing","Systematic literature review"],"attachments":null,"extra":null,"language":null},{"title":"Low-lying level structure of from the (